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The high temperature bioreactor

In a bioreactor, biological remains such as the remains of plants and animals and solid and liquid waste (excretion) are digested such that only manure remains. This digestion is done by bacteria. In this design we do not use a special kind of bacteria, but the bacteria that can survive the best. In this digestion process methane is released, a gas that can be used to generate energy. Because this reactor works above 60°C, the bacteria that are harmful to humans would die. A special control system is installed to check this process. The manure produced is biologically sound.

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Project NL-00100 High temperature bioreactor for one or two houses 

 

Content

1 Definitions

2 Small scale

3 Objectives

4 Processes

5 Modifications required in homes

6 Bio-reactor barrel NL-00100

7 Costs and revenues

 

 

  1. Definitions

    1. Drinking water contains minerals and has a neutral smell and is not harmful to the health

    2. Grey-water:

      • filtered or distilled water and it is not drinking water quality

    3. Waste water:

      • is the remaining water

    4. Biomass:

      • is a slow-flowing mixture of biological material

  1. Small scale

    1. The reasons why we chose small scale are:

      • no or less over a greater distance transport of electricity and gas or heat

      • less or no transportation of drinking water

      • a great saving on drinking water use

      • there is no connection with the sewer needed

  1. Objectives

    1. Process biological waste and water

    2. Generating heat and electricity

    3. Supply of drinking water and grey-water

    4. Organic fertilizer pellets production

  1. Processes

    1. Waste water by separating centrifuge (NL-00101)

      • oil

        • depending on the amount and the quality, this can be used to generate heat and or electricity.

      • treated waste water still contains too many minerals and may need to be handles still to be able to be used as grey-water, and certainly still be treated after that it can be used as a drinking water:

        • Treated waste water is used to grow algae in NL-00102. The algae can be used as a filter for the mineral-rich waste water which arises after grey-water. The algae are harvested and further processed as the processing of dirty water.

    2. biomass fermentation by bacteria NL-00100

      • By creating an environment in which bacteria and other micro-organisms can live optimally. Factors include:

        • the gas composition which get blown through it.

        • the humidity (water is used in the conversion of the biomass).

        • the operating temperature ensures that certain bacteria or micro-organisms can make them work. Other families bacteria and types of micro-organisms will disappear because at that temperature or stop their activities or die.

    3. Processed biomass drying and pressing into organic fertilizer pellets

      • Capabilities include:

        • Centrifuging and pressing into pellets and pour it in the collecting container,

        • Freeze-drying and pressing to pellets and pour it in the collecting container,

        • The  the collecting container is outfitted with an automatic emptying message.

  1. Modifications required in homes

    It is essential that the biological waste goes as quickly as possible to the bio reactor. Bacteria do their work everywhere and then pass a portion of the energy. There will be a loss of that energy if not handled quickly. Therefore, the sink drains and the toilets are to be replaced by a discharge pipe system. Sinks, showers, dishwashers and washing machine will also be connected to the pipe system. Under the sink and the toilets are grind units. Example of a milling unit is a sani-broyeur. Discharge pipe system consists of and drain pipes of 25 mm or 32 mm and a waste water pump. At the time that waste is flushed through, the pump responds and sucks the waste water down until there is no waste water any more. Grey water is used to flush through the system as much as possible.
    The cistern of the toilet gets a grey water connection. The shower, toilet and sink keep their drinking water connection. The dishwasher and the washing machine should get a mineral poor water supply to have a long life use without chemicals.

  1. Bio-reactor barrel NL-00100

    1. Operating temperature between 65 and 70 ° C

    2. Material barrel and biomass transit ABS pipes or similar quality:

      • ABS is ideal for use on the operating temperature and can also be recycled.

      • For the desired strength is a material thickness of at least 2 mm is required for the tubes and the vessel itself 3 mm.

    3. Heat in- and out-tube is 16mm Aluminum plastic pipe PE-Xc

    4. The insulation is made of polyurethane foam

    5. The liquid in the vessel outside of the biomass tubes should not affect the plastics, non-combustible, non-toxic or polluting for the environment, and preferably a high heat capacity.

    6. The connection to the top side, with compression fittings

    7. The connections are:

      • heat in 2 pieces

      • heat out, 2 pieces

      • gas and liquid feed tubes, the number of the tubes are divided by 2

      • gas discharge tubes, the number of the tubes are divided by 2

      • biomass input, two piece whose one for the aerobic part and one for the anaerobic part

      • biomass removal, 2 of which one piece of aerobic part and one for the anaerobic part

    8. Above the outlet of the anaerobic portion of the bio-reactor is a pump which takes care of the moving of the biomass. About 10% of the biomass is fed back via a three-way valve to the anaerobic portion for the preservation of the micro-organisms. The remaining 90% goes to the aerobic section of the bio-reactor.

    9. Above the discharge of the aerobic portion of the bio-reactor is a pump which takes care of the

    1. Costs and revenues

      1. Yet to be worked out

Details

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